Behind the claimed long range, how far can new energy vehicles actually run?

 　　Behind the claimed long range, how far can new energy vehicles actually run? There is often a gap between the claimed long range of a new energy vehicle and its actual driving range, a phenomenon that has become a focus of concern for both the industry and consumers.

　　In practice, low temperatures, high speeds, and frequent starts and stops can significantly accelerate power consumption. Low temperatures in winter will reduce battery activity, resulting in weaker energy storage and discharge capacity, and the range of some models may shrink to about half of the nominal value under severe cold conditions. Switching on air-conditioning and other on-board electrical appliances in summer will also increase energy consumption, further compressing the actual range.

　　Aggressive driving behaviours such as rapid acceleration and hard braking can dramatically increase instantaneous power consumption, while carrying a full load of passengers or cargo can increase the vehicle’s overall mass, leading to higher rolling resistance and wind resistance, which in turn can push up energy consumption. Vehicle design details also have a subtle impact on range: a body shape that is not aerodynamically optimised will significantly increase wind resistance at high speeds.

　　At the technical level, the optimisation of the battery management system directly determines energy efficiency. Advanced systems can extend the range through precise power distribution and braking energy recovery. Older or improperly tuned systems can lead to wasted power. As the battery age increases, the battery capacity will gradually decline and the actual range will be shortened, especially in low temperature environment.

　　Currently, the industry generally adopts CLTC and other working condition standards, which are closer to the reality of China’s roads than in the past, but still can’t fully cover extreme weather, complex road conditions and other scenarios, which makes some models emphasise the theoretical range in publicity, but it’s difficult for users to reproduce it in actual use.

　　Behind the claimed long range, how far can new energy vehicles actually run? To narrow this gap, car companies, regulators and consumers need to work together. Vehicle manufacturers should optimise their testing methods to provide a more segmented range reference value. Consumers can refer to third-party test data and rationally assess the range of their own car scenarios.

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